Methicillin or Meticillin [Antibacterial Drugs] HTMS Flash Cards Pharmacology.
Methicillin or Meticillin
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Therapeutic
Class
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Narrow
spectrum β-lactam Antibiotic.
|
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Pharmacologic
class
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Penicillin
derivative
|
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Mechanism
of Action
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Like
other beta-lactam antibiotics , Meticillin acts by inhibiting the synthesis
of bacterial cell walls.
Formation of bacterial peptidoglycan cell walls are mediated Via PBPs. Meticillin binds to Penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) and inhibits cross-linking of cell wall peptidoglycan which leads to the inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis . Meticillin is actually a penicillinase-resistant B-lactam antibiotic . |
|
Clinical
Uses
|
Used to
treat Staphylococcus Infection
Including S.aureus , S.epidermidis,
S.pyogenes and S.pneumoniae.
It is inactive against enterococci,anaerobic bacteria and gram-negative organisms. |
|
Adverse
effects
|
Allergic
reaction ; Interstitial nephritis (Meticillin) ;Hepatitis (Oxacillin) ,Nuetropenia (naficillin)
|
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Similar
drugs
|
Dicloxacillin , Nafcillin , Oxacillin .(Penicillinase-resistant
penicillin)
|
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Other
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1 .Meticillin
and other β-lactam drugs (Penicillin , ampicillin , piperacillin , aztreonam,imipenem) has
a structure that is characterized by a β-lactam ring .
2 . If β-lactam ring is cleaved by bacterial enzymes (e.g β-lactamases), the drug become inactive . 3.Resistance to methicillin is conferred by activation of a new bacterial PBPs gene (mecA).This encodes for the PBP2a. 4. PBP2a works in a similar manner to other PBPs , but it is bound by β-lactams with a very low affinity, meaning they cannot hydrolyse it and kill the bacteria .Expression of PBPA2 confers resistance to all β-lactams . |
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