Amoxicillin-Clavulanate (Augmentin) [Antibacterial Drugs] HTMS Flash Cards Pharmacology




Amoxicillin-Clavulanate (Augmentin)
Therapeutic Class
β-Lactam antibiotic and β-lactamase inhibitor .
Pharmacologic Class
Bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitor 
Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin binds PBPs, inhibit cross-linking of cell wall peptidoglycan ; Clavulanate inhibits class A β-lactamase enzymes, protecting amoxicillin from degradation .
Clinical use
Respiratory tract infections (Otitis,sinusitis,pneumonia) , Skin or skin structure infections including bite wound infection .
Special consideration
Clavulanate has no antibacterial activity by itself .
Adverse effects
Pseudomembranous colitis , Seizures at high doses , Diarrhea ; superinfection ; allergic reactions including rashes , serum sickness , anaphylaxis .
Interactions
Probenecid inhibits renal tubular secretion and increases serum levels can decrease hormonal contraceptive effectiveness by preventing enterohepatic circulation of steroids.
Similar drugs
Ampicillin-sulbactam,piperacillin-tazobactam,ticarcillin-clavulanate



References: 
1. Lippincott Illustrated Review, Pharmacology.
2. Goodman and Gilman's, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 12th Edition.
3. Pharmacology, Principle and Practice (Miles Hacker etc).
4. Concise Clinical Pharmacology (Ben Greenstein etc).
5. BRS Pharmacology.
6. NMS Pharamacology.
7. Kaplan Pharmacology.
8. First Aid For the USMLE Step 1,2015,2016,2017,2018.
9. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (Katzung).
10. Medical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (Derek).




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